ABSTRACT
Paratanaisia bragai é um trematódeo que parasita rins e ureteres de aves domésticas e selvagens. Apesar de considerado pouco patogênico pode levar a complicações clínicas e morte em infecções severas. No presente estudo, um caso de parasitismo fatal em maritaca (Psittacara leucophthalmus) por P. bragai é relatado. A ave, oriunda da área urbana do município de Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brasil, teve manifestações clínicas de apatia, desidratação, dispneia e veio a óbito. Na necropsia foram observados rins aumentados de volume, pálidos, com superfície irregular e nodulações esbranquiçadas. Ao corte verificaram-se parasitos nos rins, que foram processados para montagem de lâminas permanentes e identificados segundo técnica de rotina como P. bragai. No exame histopatológico dos rins foram constatados infiltrado inflamatório linfoplasmocítico multifocal moderado, dilatação de túbulos e focos de regeneração tubular, associados a fibrose intersticial moderada no córtex renal. Na medula renal havia infiltrado de macrófagos, heterófilos, eosinófilos e células gigantes multinucleadas associado a parasitos em ductos coletores dilatados. O parasitismo de P. leucophthalmus por P. bragai é relatado pela primeira vez. A importância de se considerar este parasito entre as possibilidades diagnósticas em aves com insuficiência renal é brevemente discutida.(AU)
Paratanaisia bragai is a trematode parasite of the kidneys and ureters of poultry and wild birds. Despite its low pathogenicity, this parasite can lead to several clinical complications and death in heavy infections. In the present study, a fatal case of parasitism by P. bragai in a specimen of the White-eyed Parakeet, Psittacara leucophthalmus, is reported. The bird, coming from the urban area of the county of Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil, was clinically evaluated and revealed apathy, dehydration, dyspnea, and death. The gross findings were pale and enlarged kidneys, which also had irregular surface with whitish nodulations. Parasites were observed on cutting surface of the renal parenchyma. They were processed for assembly of permanent slides and identified as P. bragai according to routine technique. The histologic findings were mild multifocal lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate, tubular dilatation and foci of tubular regeneration related to mild interstitial fibrosis in the renal cortex, and infiltration of macrophages, heterophils, eosinophils and multinucleated giant cells associated with metazoan parasites in the collecting ducts in renal medulla. The parasitism of P. leucophthalmus by P. bragai is reported for the first time. The importance of considering this parasite among the diagnostic possibilities in birds with renal insufficiency is briefly discussed.(AU)
Subject(s)
Clinical Laboratory Techniques/veterinary , Parrots/parasitology , Trematode InfectionsABSTRACT
Abstract Pleurolophocercous cercariae found in the invasive gastropod Melanoides tuberculata (Müller, 1774) collected in a stream of the Vila do Abraão, Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil were used for experimental infection that enabled the identification of the heterophyid trematode Centrocestus formosanus (Nishigori, 1924). The parasite has been found in the locality since 2007, after two years of the introduction of M. tuberculata. Recently, from a sample of 483 specimens collected in June 2013, 101 (21%) were found infected with parasite. The potential environmental impacts caused by the parasite occurrence could be underestimated in the country, and actions to monitor and control both the parasite and the mollusk are necessary.
Resumo Cercárias do tipo pleurolofocerca encontradas no gastrópode invasor Melanoides tuberculata (Müller, 1774) coletados em um riacho da Vila do Abraão em Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil foram utilizadas em estudos de infecção experimental que possibilitaram a identificação do trematódeo heterofiídeo Centrocestus formosanus (Nishigori, 1924). O parasito vem sendo encontrado na localidade desde 2007, dois anos após a introdução do molusco. Recentemente, de uma amostra de 483 espécimes coletados em junho de 2013, 101 (21%) apresentavam-se infectados pelo parasito. Os potenciais impactos ambientais ocasionados pela ocorrência deste parasito podem estar sendo subestimados no país, sendo necessárias ações visando o monitoramento e controle tanto do parasito quanto do molusco.
Subject(s)
Animals , Snails/parasitology , Heterophyidae/physiology , Host-Parasite Interactions , Brazil , Introduced Species , Metacercariae/growth & development , Metacercariae/physiology , Heterophyidae/growth & developmentABSTRACT
Salmonella enterica serotype Dublin, a bovine adapted serotype, is the commonest cause of salmonellosis in cattle. Salmonellosis in animals always presents a potential zoonotic threat. Infected cattles serves as a source of infection to humans. We present here Salmonella Dublin Bacteraemia in an elderly patient, with all the clinical details, due to the rarity of its occurrence. He was treated successfully with ciprofloxacin and his follow up period was uneventful.
ABSTRACT
Chromosome identification is essential in oyster genomic research. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) offers new opportunities for the identification of oyster chromosomes. It has been used to locate satellite DNAs, telomeres or ribosomal DNA sequences. However, regarding chromosome identification, no study has been conducted with simple sequence repeats (SSRs). FISH was used to probe the physical organization of three particular SSRs, (GGAT)(4), (GT)(7) and (TA)(10) onto metaphase chromosomes of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Hybridization signals were observed in all the SSR probes, but the distribution and intensity of signals varied according to the oligonucleotide repeat. The intercalary, centromeric and telomeric bands were observed along the chromosomes, and for each particular repeat every chromosome pair presented a similar pattern, allowing karyotypic analysis with all the SSRs tested. Our study is the first in mollusks to show the application of SSR in situ hybridization for chromosome identification and karyotyping. This technique can be a useful tool for oyster comparative studies and to understand genome organization in different oyster taxa.
Subject(s)
Animals , Base Sequence , Chromosome Banding , Chromosomes/genetics , Crassostrea/genetics , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence , Minisatellite Repeats/geneticsABSTRACT
The mammalian family Tayassuidae (peccaries) is confined to the New World and comprises three recognized extant species, white-lipped (Tayassu pecari), collared (Pecari tajacu) and chacoan (Catagonus wagneri) peccaries, which exhibit distinct morphological and chromosomal features. The phylogenetic relationships among the tayassuids are unclear and have instigated debate over the palaeontological, cytogenetic and molecular aspects. Constitutive heterochromatin analysis can be used in understanding the phylogenetic relationships between related species. Here we describe, for the first time, the constitutive heterochromatin (C-positive heterochromatin) of two tayassuid species, Tayassu pecari and Pecari tajacu. We demonstrate that in situ restriction endonuclease digestion with sequential C-banding could be a complementary tool in the study of constitutive heterochromatin heterogeneity in chromosomes of the Tayassuidae. Our characterization of peccary chromosomes suggests that the Pecari tajacu autosomal karyotype is more primitive and has accumulated great diversity in its constitutive heterochromatin. This idea is supported by several other studies that analysed nuclear and mitochondrial sequences of the living peccary species. Finally, the tayassuid X chromosome primitive form seems to be the one of Tayassu pecari.
Subject(s)
Animals , Artiodactyla/classification , Chromosome Banding , Evolution, Molecular , Female , Heterochromatin/genetics , Male , Paleontology , Phylogeny , X Chromosome , Y ChromosomeABSTRACT
The morphological, yield, cytological and molecular characteristics of bread wheat x tritordeum F(1) hybrids (2n = 6x = 42; AABBDH(ch)) and their parents were analysed. Morphologically, these hybrids resembled the wheat parent. They were slightly bigger than both parents, had more spikelets per spike, and tillered more profusely. The hybrids are self-fertile but a reduction of average values of yield parameters was observed. For the cytological approach we used a double-target fluorescence in situ hybridization performed with total genomic DNA from Hordeum chilense L. and the ribosomal sequence pTa71. This technique allowed us to confirm the hybrid nature and to analyse chromosome pairing in this material. Our results showed that the expected complete homologous pairing (14 bivalents plus 14 univalents) was only observed in 9.59% of the pollen mother cells (PMCs) analysed. Some PMCs presented autosyndetic pairing of H(ch) and A, B or D chromosomes. The average number of univalents was higher in the wheat genome (6.8) than in the H(ch) genome (5.4). The maximum number of univalents per PMC was 20. We only observed wheat multivalents (one per PMC) but the frequency of trivalents (0.08) was higher than that of quadrivalents (0.058). We amplified 50 RAPD bands polymorphic between the F(1) hybrid and one of its parents, and 31 ISSR polymorphic bands. Both sets of markers proved to be reliable for DNA fingerprinting. The complementary use of morphological and yield analysis, molecular cytogenetic techniques and molecular markers allowed a more accurate evaluation and characterization of the hybrids analysed here.
Subject(s)
Breeding , Chimera/anatomy & histology , Chromosome Pairing , Crosses, Genetic , Genetic Markers , Hordeum/genetics , Hybridization, Genetic , Meiosis , Triticum/anatomy & histologyABSTRACT
Burkholderia pseudomallei, a natural saprophyte widely distributed in soil, stagnant waters of endemic areas, is said to infect humans through breaks in the skin or through inhalation causing protean clinical manifestations including fatal septicaemia. A case of septicaemia in a elderly female diabetic due to B. pseudomallei following a history of fall is being reported with complete details.